Description:
The integration of optical sensors and optical support system components into electronic systems at the board and chip scales to realize chip-scale sensor systems is on the horizon. The revolution that swept electronics in the 1970s - when discrete components gave way to fully integrated circuits - is a threshold that integrated optical sensing is poised to cross today. In this tutorial, select planar optical sensors will be discussed, including planar interferometer and resonant sensors, and the integration of these sensors at the chip scale with planar optical systems will be discussed. The planar optical system will include light sources, optical signal path and distribution waveguides, and optical detection. Competing technologies will be discussed, including vertical and planar optical systems addressing, and heterogeneous integration technologies. Applications discussed will include biological and chemical sensing for medical and environmental diagnostics.